Frederik II and the Protestant Cause

Paul Douglas Lockhart, Ph.D. (1989) in History, Purdue University, is currently Associate Professor of History at Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio. He has published extensively on early modern Scandinavian history, including Denmark in the Thirty Years’ War (Susquehanna, 1996).

Scholars of Scandinavian and early modern European history, especially those with an interest in the French Wars of Religion, the Dutch Revolt, the Reformation, and the interaction of religion and politics.

'...fills an immense gap...a convincing and important study that adds much to our knowledge of a complex period.'
Robert I. Frost, The International History Review, 2006.
'…a detailed account of Danish politics largely unknown to English readers…'
D.C. Baxter, Choice, 2005.
'...closely argued, well researched, and ultimately absorbing...Lockhart does a fine job of leading the reader through the twists and turns of these complex events, and his rehabilitation of Frederik is largely successful...It is a fine achievement and a fascinating story.'
Andrew Pettegree, The Sixteenth Century Journal, 2005.

List of illustrations
List of maps
Note on conventions
Acknowledgements
List of abbreviations
Ch. 1 Introduction 1
Ch. 2 An emerging power, 1536-1572 13
The legacy of Christian III, 1536-59 14
Frederik II 29
Resources : military, naval, and financial 55
Ch. 3 Religion and foreign policy, 1559-1572 63
Frederik II and the state church 65
Confessional identity and foreign policy, 1559-72 83
Ch. 4 Two weddings and a conspiracy, 1572-1577 101
The 'bloody wedding' and the Baltic threat, 1572-80 104
The Papist conspiracy 128
Ch. 5 Protestant solidarity and the imperial crisis, 1577-1583 143
Catholic resurgence and protestant solidarity 145
Frederik II and the 'book of discord' 157
Prospects for a protestant alliance, 1577-83 174
Realignment 189
Ch. 6 The common cause, 1583-1585 202
Their ambitions have become as one 202
This manifestly wanton and devilish act 219
The English initiative, 1585 225
Ch. 7 The third peril, 1586-1588 242
To spare the blood of thousands 243
Towards Luneburg 252
The Dutch quagmire 273
I have little hope 290
Ch. 8 Retreat 298
The regency and isolationism 300
But our pious king of Denmark has passed over to God too soon ... 308
Bibliography 329
Index 339